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Marks & Spencer starts tracking tag trials
High Wycombe store to use RFID tags for men's clothes

By Andy McCue

Published: Thursday 16 October 2003

Marks & Spencer has begun a trial of the controversial radio frequency ID (RFID) tracking tags in clothes at one of its UK stores this week as part of plans to improve stock accuracy and product availability for customers.

The tags, which have been touted by the technology industry as a barcode replacement, are contained within throwaway paper labels called Intelligent Labels attached to, but not embedded in, a selection of men's suits, shirts and ties at the High Wycombe store in the UK. The trial will last for four weeks.

Other retailers and manufacturers such as Tesco and Gillette have attracted criticism from privacy groups about the potential for data from the RFID tags to be used to track and monitor customers, even after they have left the store.

But Marks & Spencer has gone to great lengths to ensure a transparent approach to its trials and to limit the data that will be collected and what it will be used for.

The tags will only hold the number unique to each garment. The information associated with this number is held on Marks & Spencer’s secure database and relates only to that product or garment’s details, for example, the size, style, colour. The tags also have no power to emit a signal and only release their unique identification number in the presence of a Marks & Spencer scanner.

The Intelligent Label is attached to the garment alongside the pricing label and is designed to be cut off and thrown away after purchase. For items such as shirts, which are pre-packed, the tag is stuck onto the transparent shirt bag.

A Marks & Spencer spokeswoman told silicon.com: "Irrespective of the method of payment, no association is made between the information on the Intelligent Label and the purchaser."

The document outlines the business benefits, which will allow Marks & Spencer to check stock deliveries and count stock quickly in stores and depots.

The retail group will use two scanners for the tags. A portal installed at the distribution centre and the loading bay of the store will allow rails of hanging garments and trolleys containing packaged garments, to be pushed through and read at speed. A mobile scanner in a shopping trolley that has a hand-held reader will scan several garments at the same time out on the shopfloor.

The spokeswoman said: "With the ability to read product details on the RFID tags at different points in the supply chain, the information can be used to ensure that the right goods are delivered to the right store at the right time. Customers will therefore benefit from better availability of the goods they want each time they shop."

The scanners operate at frequencies and power permitted for RFID radio signals in Europe which are around eight times lower than those used in the US. This means that the maximum accurate read range attainable is around half a metre.

The Intelligent Label project has been part funded by the DTI. The scanner technology has been developed in conjunction with Intellident and the microchips are being developed by EM Microelectronic in Switzerland.

US-based consumer privacy group Consumers Against Supermarket Privacy Invasion and Numbering (Caspian), which has lobbied fiercely against RFID tags welcomed Marks & Spencer's open approach to its trials.

Katharine Albrecht, founder and director of Caspian said in a statement: "We stand firm in our opposition to item-level RFID tagging of consumer products and encourage consumers not to purchase them. But we do want to recognise Marks & Spencer's responsible attitude toward the trial. Other retailers have simply chosen to ignore the serious privacy and health concerns of their customers."